Search results for "structural diversity"

showing 10 items of 14 documents

A consistent path for phase determination based on transmission electron microscopy techniques and supporting simulations.

2018

This work addresses aspects for the analysis of industrial relevant materials via transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The complex phase chemistry and structural diversity of these materials require several characterization techniques to be employed simultaneously; unfortunately, different characterization techniques often lack connection to yield a complete and consistent picture. This paper describes a continuous path, starting with the acquisition of 3D diffraction data - alongside classical high-resolution imaging techniques - and linking the structural characterization of hard metal industrial samples with energy-loss fine-structure simulations, quantitative electron energy-loss (EE…

010302 applied physicsDiffractionOffset (computer science)Hard metalGeneral Physics and AstronomyStructural diversity02 engineering and technologyCell BiologyElectron021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesHard metalsStructural BiologyTransmission electron microscopy0103 physical sciencesGeneral Materials Science0210 nano-technologySpectroscopyBiological systemMicron (Oxford, England : 1993)
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Synthesis, structural diversity, inter-conversion and reactivity of Cu(II) complexes of hydroxy-rich molecules

2002

Tetranuclear Cu(II) complexes having linear, cubane and pseudodouble-cubane cores were synthesized using hydroxy-rich molecules possessing amine and imine groups. The products were structurally characterized and were studied for their ability to oxidize catechol as well as for their inter-conversion between mono- and tetra-nuclear complexes.

Absorption SpectraCatecholAbsorption spectroscopyMolecular StructureStereochemistryImineStructural diversityInorganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryCubanePolymer chemistryMaterials ChemistryMoleculeAmine gas treatingReactivity (chemistry)CrystallographicPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryIndraStra Global
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Bone’s Structural Diversity in Adult Females Is Established before Puberty

2009

Bone must be rigid for leverage yet light for mobility. We studied how bone modeling and remodeling fashioned differences in bone size, shape, and mass during growth to achieve these properties in adulthood.We measured the structural features of a tibial cross-section using quantitative computed tomography and markers of remodeling in 258 10- to 13-yr-old girls during 2 yr and in 108 of their mothers.Tibia total cross-sectional area and mass correlated between daughters and their mothers (r = 0.34 and 0.44, respectively, both P0.01). The location of a daughter's tibial total cross-sectional area, medullar area, and bone mass in the lower, middle, or upper part of the sample distribution was…

Adultmedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentEndocrinology Diabetes and Metabolismmedia_common.quotation_subjectClinical BiochemistryStructural diversityBiologyBiochemistryBone and BonesBone modelingFractures BoneEndocrinologyBone DensityInternal medicinemedicineHumansTibiaQuantitative computed tomographyChildmedia_commonBone mineralDaughterBone DevelopmentAnthropometryTibiamedicine.diagnostic_testPubertyBiochemistry (medical)Nutritional statusMiddle AgedEndocrinologyFemaleBone RemodelingBone massThe Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
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Evolution and biomineralization of pteropod shells

2021

12 pages; International audience; Shelled pteropods, known as sea butterflies, are a group of small gastropods that spend their entire lives swimming and drifting in the open ocean. They build thin shells of aragonite, a metastable polymorph of calcium carbonate. Pteropod shells have been shown to experience dissolution and reduced thickness with a decrease in pH and therefore represent valuable bioindicators to monitor the impacts of ocean acidification. Over the past decades, several studies have highlighted the striking diversity of shell microstructures in pteropods, with exceptional mechanical properties, but their evolution and future in acidified waters remains uncertain. Here, we re…

Biomineralization0106 biological sciencesGastropodaShell (structure)Structural diversityContext (language use)engineering.material010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesShellsCalcium Carbonate03 medical and health sciencesPaleontologychemistry.chemical_compoundSpecies SpecificityAnimal ShellsStructural BiologyThin shellsAnimalsBiominerals; Pteropods; Mollusc; Shells; Helical microstructure; Aragonite curved fibresSeawater14. Life underwater[SDV.IB.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Biomaterials030304 developmental biology0303 health sciencesFossils[SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE]AragoniteOcean acidificationBiodiversityHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationBiological EvolutionAragonite curved fibresPteropodsCalcium carbonatechemistry13. Climate actionMicroscopy Electron ScanningBiomineralsengineeringHelical microstructureMolluscGeologyBiomineralizationJournal of Structural Biology
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Magneto-Structural Correlations in μ-Halo Bridged Copper(II) Chains

1987

To design synthetic pathways to systems of desired properties is a growing challenge for inorganic chemist. Our current interest in this area is focused on copper(II) chemistry. Besides to advance in the understanding of the factors determining the conformation around copper(II) in the solid state, we intend to gain insight into the chemical and structural effects that govern exchange coupling interactions in condensed species. In this context, we have approached the synthesis and characterization of a wide set of pentacoordinated Cu(LIII)XY complexes (LIII=tridentate ligand, X=coordinating anion, Y=coordinating or non-coordinating anion) showing a great structural diversity (including mono…

CrystallographyTridentate ligandChemistryInorganic chemistStackingSolid-stateStructural diversitychemistry.chemical_elementCopperIon
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A modular "toolbox" approach to flexible branched multimacrocyclic hosts as precursors for multiply interlocked architectures.

2008

Tetralactam macrocycles can be functionalized by a variety of cross-coupling reactions. A modular “toolbox” strategy is presented that allows 1) several tetralactam macrocycles to be covalently connected with each other or with a central spacer, 2) the macrocycles to be substituted with or connected to different chromophores, and 3) metal-coordination sites to be attached to the macrocycles. With this approach a series of different oligo-macrocyclic hosts was obtained with great structural diversity and enormous potential for further functionalization. Rotaxanes made on the basis of these macrocycles have been synthesized to demonstrate their utility in building more complex supramolecular …

Macrocyclic CompoundsLactamsMolecular StructureRotaxanesbusiness.industryChemistryOrganic ChemistryCatenaneSupramolecular chemistryMolecular ConformationStructural diversityNanotechnologyGeneral ChemistryModular designCrystallography X-RayCombinatorial chemistryCatalysisToolboxCyclizationLuminescent MeasurementsSpectroscopy Fourier Transform InfraredbusinessChemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)
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Similarity boosted quantitative structure-activity relationship--a systematic study of enhancing structural descriptors by molecular similarity.

2013

The concept of molecular similarity is one of the most central in the fields of predictive toxicology and quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) research. Many toxicological responses result from a multimechanistic process and, consequently, structural diversity among the active compounds is likely. Combining this knowledge, we introduce similarity boosted QSAR modeling, where we calculate molecular descriptors using similarities with respect to representative reference compounds to aid a statistical learning algorithm in distinguishing between different structural classes. We present three approaches for the selection of reference compounds, one by literature search and two by…

Quantitative structure–activity relationshipInformaticsbusiness.industryStatistical learningGeneral Chemical EngineeringStructural diversityQuantitative Structure-Activity RelationshipPattern recognitionGeneral ChemistryPredictive toxicologyLibrary and Information Sciencescomputer.software_genreToxicologyComputer Science ApplicationsSimilarity (network science)Molecular descriptorArtificial intelligenceData miningbusinessCluster analysiscomputerMathematicsJournal of chemical information and modeling
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D-Glucose as a Pentavalent Chiral Scaffold

2003

A novel carbohydrate-based scaffold for combinatorial chemistry has been developed. This scaffold allows the selective attachment of five different side chains, giving rise to products of enormous structural diversity. As a demonstration of its usefulness, a series of model compounds has been prepared in high purity and yield by multistep parallel synthesis on a solid phase. (© Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2003)

Scaffoldchemistry.chemical_compoundSolid-phase synthesisChemistryD-GlucosePeptidomimeticYield (chemistry)Organic ChemistrySide chainStructural diversityOrganic chemistryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryCombinatorial chemistryEuropean Journal of Organic Chemistry
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The southernmost beech (Fagus sylvatica) forests of Europe (Mount Etna, Italy): ecology, structural stand-type diversity and management implications

2013

The southernmost European beech forests are located in the upper forest vegetation belt on Mount Etna volcano. Their standstructural patterns were analysed to assess the effects of the site-ecological factors and previous management practices on the forest structure. Five main structural-silvicultural types were identified among the main beech forest types: coppice, highmountain coppice (HMCo), high forest, coppice in conversion to high-forest and non-formal stand. A detailed standstructural analysis was carried out through measured dendrometric parameters and derived structural characters linked to both the horizontal and the vertical profiles. Plant regeneration processes were also assess…

Southern European beech forestforest typeSouthern European beech forests; structural diversity; forest type; silviculture type; marginal forest; Mediterranean range edgebiologySettore AGR/05 - Assestamento Forestale E SelvicolturaEcologyForest managementBiodiversitySpecies diversityPlant Sciencebiology.organism_classificationCoppicingGeographyHigh forestMediterranean range edgeFagus sylvaticastructural diversitymarginal forestForest ecologysilviculture typeBeechEcology Evolution Behavior and Systematics
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Thermo-, piezo-, photo- and chemo-switchable spin crossover iron(II)-metallocyanate based coordination polymers

2011

Abstract The design of coordination polymers (CPs) with switch and memory functions is an important subject of current interest in the search for new advanced materials with potential applications. Implementation of CPs with electronically labile iron(II) building blocks able to undergo cooperative spin crossover (SCO) behavior is a singular approach to this end. This review provides an up to date survey of a new generation of iron(II)-metallocyanate based spin crossover coordination polymers (SCO-CPs) developed during the last decade. These new solids feature structural diversity, supramolecular isomerism, interpenetrating frameworks, structure flexibility, reversible solid-state chemical …

chemistry.chemical_classificationChemistrySupramolecular chemistryStructural diversityNanotechnologyPolymerAdvanced materialsChemical reactionInorganic ChemistryChemisorptionSpin crossoverMaterials ChemistryOrganic chemistryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryNanoscopic scaleCoordination Chemistry Reviews
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